He hoped to succeed Indonesia’s longtime dictator. He ordered the kidnappings of pro-democracy activists. He was accused of atrocities in the course of the ruthless navy occupation of East Timor. He has mentioned elections run counter to his nation’s tradition.
Even so, Prabowo Subianto has spent the previous twenty years attempting his hand at democratic politics, donning completely different personas in a number of makes an attempt to change into Indonesia’s chief.
Now, a month earlier than the following election, almost each ballot exhibits Mr. Prabowo, 72, main within the first spherical of voting. His rise, with the assistance of a operating mate who’s the son of the favored departing president, Joko Widodo, has alarmed thousands and thousands of Indonesians who nonetheless bear in mind the brutal and kleptocratic rule of Suharto, Mr. Prabowo’s former boss and father-in-law.
A victory for Mr. Prabowo, his critics warn, would revive a darkish previous.
“What is going to occur is the dying of democracy,” mentioned Hendardi, the director of the Setara Institute for Democracy and Peace. Like many Indonesians, he goes by one identify. “We now have lengthy been in opposition to Prabowo,” he added, “and with our restricted energy, we had been nonetheless in a position to forestall him from shifting ahead. However now he has gained this help.”
On the marketing campaign path, Mr. Prabowo, who’s the present protection minister, has dismissed issues about his observe report.
However he has continued to show his strongman bona fides. At a presidential debate this month, Mr. Prabowo talked about the necessity to develop a powerful navy, saying with out it, a nation “shall be crushed,” simply as in Gaza right this moment.
He’s in a three-way race with Anies Baswedan, the previous governor of Jakarta, and Ganjar Pranowo, who ran Central Java.
To win outright on Feb. 14, Mr. Prabowo would wish to clinch not less than 51 p.c of the vote. Surveys present that he’s far forward of his rivals, however his help tops off round 46 p.c, implying he’ll in all probability be pressured right into a runoff in June and more likely to face stiffer competitors.
For years, a Prabowo presidency was thought of a distant risk in Indonesia, one in all Southeast Asia’s most vibrant democracies.
To many Indonesians, Mr. Prabowo is an emblem of the 32-year reign of Suharto. Following Suharto’s 1998 ouster, he was discharged from the Indonesian navy after the armed forces discovered he was concerned within the abduction and torture of pro-democracy activists. Greater than a dozen stay lacking and are feared useless.
Ucok Munandar Siahaan was a 21-year-old pupil when he vanished on Might 15, 1998. His father, Paian Siahaan, 76, found later that he had been serving to detained anti-government activists. For many years, he has been urgent the authorities for solutions.
Each evening, Mr. Paian mentioned he prayed the identical prayer: “God, please save him.” In current months, he has added one other one: that Mr. Prabowo wouldn’t change into president.
“In my thoughts, he is not going to be elected due to our prayers, the prayers of the oppressed individuals,” he mentioned.
Mr. Prabowo’s report on human rights — which additionally contains accusations that his feared Kopassus particular forces slaughtered a whole bunch in a crackdown in East Timor — led america to bar him from getting into the nation for years.
He was by no means charged in a prison courtroom.
In 2014, he offered himself as a navy strongman, bellowing nationalistic speeches, however misplaced to Mr. Joko. 5 years later, Mr. Prabowo portrayed himself as a religious Muslim and leaned on communal canine whistles, accusing Mr. Joko of secretly being a “Chinese language Christian.” He failed once more however claimed that he was a sufferer of election fraud and rallied hardline Islamists to protest the leads to violent road demonstrations. (Indonesia has the world’s greatest Muslim inhabitants.)
On this marketing campaign, Mr. Prabowo has tried to shed his fame for a unstable mood by portraying himself as a gemoy, or cute, grandfather who dances at rallies. And he has implicitly received the backing of Mr. Joko by naming his 36-year-old son, Gibran Rakabuming Raka, as his operating mate. Billboards throughout Indonesia present cartoons of a doe-eyed and chubby Mr. Prabowo along with Mr. Gibran.
Mr. Prabowo was not accessible to remark, mentioned Budiman Sudjatmiko, the deputy chairman of the Prabowo-Gibran marketing campaign staff advisory board, who was as soon as a fierce critic of Mr. Prabowo. The presidential hopeful, he mentioned, had “realized lots” from being surrounded by Mr. Joko and his supporters.
“He’s not in navy service, so he ought to play a job as a civilian politician — reachable, accessible and extra pleasant,” mentioned Mr. Budiman, who was a political prisoner beneath the Suharto regime.
This makeover has discovered traction amongst Indonesia’s youth, the nation’s largest voting bloc. Individuals beneath 30 didn’t develop up beneath Suharto, and plenty of know little concerning the horrors of his regime as a result of they don’t seem to be lined within the nation’s textbooks.
For Defi Afra, a 21-year-old first-time voter who has seen movies of Mr. Prabowo on TikTok, “He’s a humorous, humorous determine. He additionally appears good and type.”
Ms. Defi, a pupil within the metropolis of Yogyakarta, mentioned she solely just lately realized of Mr. Prabowo’s previous on social media. However she shrugged it off, saying, “He couldn’t refuse orders from his superiors.”
The rehabilitation of Mr. Prabowo’s picture started years in the past, when Mr. Joko appointed him to be protection minister. He emerged as a average politician loyal to Mr. Joko, who was identified for his down-to-earth type and skill to work with politicians from completely different events. The appointment additionally allowed Mr. Prabowo to re-enter america.
However Mr. Prabowo’s tenure in that job has been marred by setbacks, together with a failed effort to purchase secondhand fighter jets and a botched meals safety program.
Mr. Joko initially appeared to help his social gathering’s candidate, Mr. Ganjar, the previous Central Java official. Then in October, Mr. Gibran joined Mr. Prabowo’s ticket. The alliance, critics say, is an effort by Mr. Joko to improve his affect on Indonesian politics by grooming his son for the presidency. For now, it has pushed Mr. Prabowo’s recognition even larger.
“It is rather miserable,” mentioned Goenawan Mohamad, the founding father of Tempo, a distinguished investigative journal.
Mr. Prabowo, in accordance with Mr. Budiman, needs an Indonesia that’s “extra simply and extra truthful socioeconomically,” pointing to his proposal of free milk in faculties and plan to remodel Indonesia, whose financial system is pushed by commodities, right into a “digital nation.”
Mr. Prabowo was born to one in all Indonesia’s most distinguished political households. His father, Sumitro Djojohadikusumo, fled Indonesia within the Nineteen Fifties after he was accused of supporting a revolt in opposition to the federal government. Mr. Prabowo spent his early years in England and Switzerland and later attended Indonesia’s navy academy. Within the Eighties, he married a daughter of Suharto, although they separated about 15 years later.
He’s thought to have amassed a fortune of about $130 million, in accordance with native information media studies. His brother Hashim Djojohadikusumo, a tycoon himself, helped arrange the Gerindra Occasion within the late 2000s that has change into the car for Mr. Prabowo’s political ambitions.
In June, he laid out why he was vying once more for the presidency.
“I really feel that God has given me many blessings, advantages and benefits,” he informed a tv host. “I’ve been given the chance to grasp the issue of this nation.”
However many villagers throughout Indonesia have a unique view. In 2020, Mr. Joko put Mr. Prabowo answerable for a program geared toward curbing the nation’s reliance on meals imports.
Within the village of Desa Talekung Punei, the federal government mentioned it needed to clear about 20,000 acres of forest land to develop rice. There have been no feasibility research performed to see if the soil was appropriate for rising rice, in accordance with Ihwan, a resident and activist for a nonprofit group.
Residents resisted the plan, saying they relied on the forest for his or her livelihoods. Nonetheless, the Protection Ministry despatched in groups to clear tracts of land. When the seeds arrived, that they had expired and had been infested with bugs, Ihwan mentioned. The land now sits deserted.
Rin Hindryati and Hasya Nindita contributed reporting.
